在Android中,网络API是用于与服务器进行通信的一组类和方法,这些API允许应用程序从服务器获取数据、发送请求和处理响应,以下是一些常用的Android网络API:
(图片来源网络,侵删)HttpURLConnection是Android内置的一个HTTP客户端,可以用来发送HTTP请求和接收HTTP响应,它支持GET、POST、PUT、DELETE等HTTP方法。
(图片来源网络,侵删)connect()
: 建立连接
getInputStream()
: 获取输入流,读取服务器返回的数据
getResponseCode()
: 获取HTTP响应码
getHeaderField(String name)
: 获取指定名称的响应头字段值
示例代码:
import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.URL;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { URL url = new URL("https://api.example.com/data"); HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); connection.setRequestMethod("GET"); connection.setConnectTimeout(5000); connection.setReadTimeout(5000); connection.connect(); int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode(); if (responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) { BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream())); String line; while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { Log.d("MainActivity", line); } reader.close(); } else { Log.e("MainActivity", "请求失败,响应码:" + responseCode); } connection.disconnect(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }).start(); }}
OkHttp是一个高效的HTTP客户端,用于Android和Java应用,它支持同步和异步请求,可以缓存请求结果,支持连接池等特性。
(图片来源网络,侵删)newCall(Request request)
: 创建一个新的请求并执行,返回一个Call
对象,用于发送请求和处理响应。
enqueue(Callback callback, Object tag)
: 将请求添加到队列中,异步执行,当请求完成时,会调用回调函数。
cancel()
: 取消当前请求,如果请求已经完成或者没有正在执行的请求,此方法无效。
execute()
: 同步执行请求,返回响应结果,注意:这个方法会阻塞主线程,不建议在UI线程中使用。
示例代码:
import okhttp3.*;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;import okhttp3.logging.HttpLoggingInterceptor;import okhttp3.logging.OkHttpLogger;import okhttp3.logging.Level;import org.json.JSONObject;import org.json.JSONArray;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.concurrent.*; // for futures and promises in the examples below, if needed... // https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingfuturesandpromisesinokhttpclientscallsandlisteners// https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingasynccallbackswithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners// https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingsynchronizationwithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners// https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingtimeoutswithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners// https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingcookieswithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners// https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usinginterceptorswithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners// https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingproxieswithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners// https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingssltlssocketfactorywithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners// https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingcacheswithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners// http://square.github.io/okhttp/3.x/okhttp/okhttp3/Call.html// http://square.github.io/okhttp/3.x/okhttp/okhttp3/Callback.html// http://square.github.io/okhttp/3.x/okhttp/okhttp3/ResponseBody.html// http://square.github.io/okhttp/3.x/okhttp/okhttp3/ResponseBodySourceCallbacksAdapterFactory$SourceCallbacksAdapter$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$.html// http://square.github.io/okhttp/3.x/okhttp/okhttp3/ResponseBodySourceCallbacksAdapterFactory$SourceCallbacksAdapter$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$.html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$OkHttpClientBuilderConfigurationBuilder$addInterceptorBuilder$addInterceptorBuilder$addInterceptorBuilder().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$OkHttpClientBuilderConfigurationBuilder$addNetworkInterceptorBuilder().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$OkHttpClientBuilderConfigurationBuilder$addCacheInterceptorBuilder().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$OkHttpClientBuilderConfigurationBuilder$addProtocolInterceptorBuilder().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$OkHttpClientBuilderConfigurationBuilder$addProxyInterceptorBuilder().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$build().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$addInterceptor().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$addNetworkInterceptor().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$addCacheInterceptor().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$addProtocolInterceptor().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$addProxyInterceptor().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$build().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/CallExecutorServiceCallExecuterFactory$$Lambda$79684697254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254lambda~
以下是一个关于Android网络API的介绍示例,该介绍列出了常用的网络API类别、对应的主要功能以及一些常见的库或方法。
API类别 | 功能描述 | 常见库/方法 |
HTTP请求 | 发送和接收网络请求,如GET、POST、PUT、DELETE等 | OkHttp、Retrofit、Volley、HttpURLConnection |
JSON解析 | 解析和生成JSON格式的数据 | Gson、Jackson、Fastjson、org.json |
XML解析 | 解析和生成XML格式的数据 | PullParser、SAXParser、org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser |
网络图片加载 | 异步加载网络图片,支持缓存、变换等 | Glide、Picasso、Fresco、Universal Image Loader |
网络视频播放 | 实现网络视频的播放功能 | ExoPlayer、IjkPlayer、MediaPlayer |
网络数据加密 | 对网络传输的数据进行加密和解密 | OpenSSL、Bouncy Castle、Conscrypt |
WebSocket | 实现客户端与服务器间的实时通信 | JavaWebSocket、OkHttp WebSocket |
Socket编程 | 使用TCP/UDP协议进行网络通信 | java.net.Socket、java.net.DatagramSocket |
文件上传与下载 | 实现文件的上传和下载功能 | OkHttp、Retrofit、Androidasynchttp |
网络监测 | 监测网络状态和速度,优化应用性能 | Network Monitor、Android API(ConnectivityManager) |
OAuth认证 | 实现第三方登录和授权功能 | OAuthlib、Signpost、GoogleAuthUtil |
RESTful API | 提供基于REST架构的网络服务,便于应用间数据交互 | Retrofit、Spring Boot、Jersey |
这个介绍仅作为参考,实际开发中可以根据项目需求选择合适的网络API和技术。
有任何问题或建议吗?欢迎在评论区留言,谢谢观看!